Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Ethics - Essay ExampleThis paper discusses the virtue theory, utilitarianism, and deontological ethics together with a personal experience that explains the relationship between virtue, value, and example concepts. The Theories and Their Approach in Addressing Ethics and Morality Virtue theory The virtue theory is one of the applicable theories in determining morality of an act. The theory bases morality on a persons character and not on designing or possible results of his or her actions. Admirable characteristics of an individual define morality within social systems. The theory further defines character as peoples demonstrated behavioral tendencies and classifies a persons behavior as moral if such behavior is admirable among members of the society and promotes social cohesion. Further, the behavior essential foster rationality in peoples actions that need to be free from selfishness and bias. Virtue ethics to a fault avoids extremes. It is, however, criticized for its high-l evel variability across societies (Brook & Dunn, 2009). Utilitarianism Utilitarianism, however, focuses on the intent to maximize utility, and is based on beneficence doctrine. This means a promotion of what is good and voidance of all sorts of action that can cause injury to other people. In either of its forms, whether act utilitarianism or rule utilitarianism, the theory identifies a persons motive and considers morality when an action causes more benefits that harm. execution utilitarianism measures morality in terms of results of an act of omission or commission while rule utilitarianism relies on set rules of ethics, which regulate acts for beneficence, to determine morality. Utilitarianism can also be explored from philosophical perspectives that include welfarism, consequentialism, aggregative and maximizing (Kanniyakonil, 2007, p. 66). Welfarism focuses on the societys well being, consequentialism focuses on impacts of actions, and aggregative aspect compares levels of go od or unskilled that an action elicits. These approaches apply either singularly or dependently to determine morality in an act (Kanniyakonil, 2007). Deontology Deontology is another approach to determining morality. It is based on moral rules and contracts to do right in the society and its general scope defines an act as moral when a person fulfils an obligation. It, however, disregards consequences of such actions. Failing to honor an obligation with the aim of promoting good, and even achieving the desired verifiable, defines immorality. There exist two types of deontology act deontology and rule deontology (Kanniyakonil, 2007, p. 60). Act deontology requires that a person evaluate all factors around a situation before making a decision based on direct or implied obligations. Rule deontology, however, pre-establishes standards upon which obligations are derived (Kanniyakonil, 2007). Similarities Among the Theories The major convertibleity among the three concepts is their ob jective of determining and consequently ensuring morality. They all establish bases for evaluation and classification of peoples advances as moral or immoral, ethical or unethical. Further, deontology and utilitarianism are similar in their mode of approach. They both apply action and rules to determine morality. Applicability of all the theories also varies from one society to another based on heathen values. Their strict application in one setup may, therefore, not correspond to application in another setup (Brook & Dunn, 2009 Kanniyakonil,

Farm Bill 2014 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Farm Bill 2014 - Research Paper Exampledent Barrack Obama sign(a) the bill into law after a successful procedure of amendment by the United States house representatives and United States senate (Wfan.org 2). The bill signed to law has an investment work out of over $489 billion which targets innovative programs to boost agriculture in the next five years (Wfan.org 2).The agriculture Act of 2014 is a powerful tool with all important(predicate) legislation will ensure that millions of American citizens have a huge historic gain. The bill aims at creating new jobs for Americans across the rural setups (Wfan.org 2). Moreover, agriculture markets fit to the bill will be expanded primarily locally and internationally. This will ensure the farm produce harvested argon sold quickly in the high hat markets globally.It should be noted that this farm Bill 2014 already signed into law by president Obama of United States of America is one of the greatest move American government has taken wh ich will save tax payers over $24 billion (Sustainableagriculture.net 4). This is due to the reforms the law supersedes that will make farming easier and ensure seasonable accessibility to market. To begin with, the law has stated clear directives concerning agriculture commodities. Farming is one of the most unique profession businesses that face much risk for workout bad weather, natural calamities and poor marketing.The bill has clearly terminated direct payments, strengthened crop insurance and also encouraged innovative risk solicitude approaches (Sustainableagriculture.net 4). This specifically will enable farmers to gain more assistance in farm production primarily when their farm is threatened by various risks emanating factors which are beyond control (Sustainableagriculture.net 4).In addition to this, the bill also ended direct farm payment to millionaire (Sustainableagriculture.net 4). To expand on this, it is clear that farmers with adjusted megascopic income (AGI) wh ich hits $900000 and above are ineligible for payment from farm

The Role of Women in Organizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

The Role of Women in Organizations - Essay ExampleIn 1980s businesswomen became a almighty force in the European and US economy. The transition to post-industrial society boosted structural changes in the economy and rapid development in the services sector. Women were opening a multitude of service enterprises, which grew and gained public recognition. Society had to admit that small business was made for women. A study, conducted by Coates in Britain, showed that, while women represented a third of all overall respondent managers, they nevertheless lone(prenominal) represented 4.3% of executive positions against 9.9% of men. By far the largest single group overall was middle managers (47%), even here only 25 of the women studied had attained this level. The vast majority of women were thus junior managers (Coates, 1997).Women atomic number 18 now more than 1% of the Fortune 500 CEOs, yet investigate shows that companies with the highest percentage of women at the top financial ly outperform those with the lowest number of women at the top. Companies run by women are as financially sound and credi iirthy as the typical firm in the U.S. economy and are more likely to remain in business than the average US firm. In 1987 two million female-owned businesses had $25bn in sales. One year later, five million female-owned businesses had $83bn in sales.Around the world, women-owned firms comprise between one-quarter and one-third of the businesses in the formal economy and are likely to play an even greater role in informal sectors. In Japan, the number of women managers is still small (around 300,000), but it has more than doubled over the past 10 years.In Australia, the proportion of women working in their own business is also growing. Women working in their own business in Australia numbered 216,300 in 1983-84 and 272,400 in 1989-90, an increase of approximately 26 per cent (Milojevic).Why does it happen that companies with women occupying senior positions perf orm better than those with male leaders One of the reasons may be that womens leadership style, based on openness, trust, sociability, interest in people, caring, ongoing education, compassion and collaboration. Women are more likely to succeed because of their natural qualities and because they admit they need encourage and surround themselves with good people they are cautions, strategic risk takers, whose

Personal information shared on internet- risk or no risk Essay

Personal study shargon on internet- risk or no risk - Essay ExampleFor example, information shared involves personal photos taken from smartphones and computers that are GPS embedded allowing other people to determine the individuals location. Essentially, fraudsters and kidnappers can easily use this kind of information to settle where the owner resides, kidnaping them, and asking for ransom.On the other hand, computer hacking involves infringement on the other peoples privacy and cause destruction of computer-based software, files and, website pages. The hackers have the belief that sharing information is paramount. Hence, it is their ethical duty to facilitate the process of sharing information. The hackers also have a conviction that system cracking is fun. Therefore, exploitation is ethically acceptable. They hold that so long as they have not committed theft or vandalism, the practice is reasonable. Many dangers prevail in the privacy issues. Such dangers include informatio n misuse, unauthorized access to information, child safety risks and bullying, and harmful psychological impacts of OSNs. Despite the dangers associated with internet platforms, people still disclose massive quantities of personal information, which is a hazardous behaviour.Boyd (2007, p.20), argues that OSNs are public networks with four main properties that do not embrace face-to-face communication, public life, replicability, diligence, searchability, and unseen audiences. These social dynamics in this context are fundamentally different and sophisticate the manner in which people interact. Although the OSNs all have online interfaces that aim for interactions and common communications, patterns of usage and specific goals, differ across alter services (Acquisti and Gross, 2006, p.36). Acquisti and Gross (2006, p.37), note that the commonly used models depend on the presentation of the contributors profiles. They also rely on visualization of the network to others and location of

Japanese Popular Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nipponese Popular Music - Essay Exampleers, who though being naturally conversant with and affiliated to the ancient Japanese musical traditions, were really open minded towards the influences extended by the American, British and European artists. Hence, J-Pop is not steel jacketed or a rigidly monolithic entity, moreover a pliable and variegated concept that comprises of all the current musical styles of Western music that one can think of. Therefore, it is not a surprise that J-Pop is often blamed of pirating beats and lyrics from the Western musical scene (Japanese Lifestyle, 2009).There is no denying the fact that the primary source of inspiration for J-Pop is Western pop music. However, it will be grossly simplistic to say that J-Pop is merely a pirated Japanese version of the original Western pop compositions. The motivation for the assimilation of American and British pop influences is enshrined at heart the history of modern Japan. As Japan became respective to the fore ign ideas and influences in a post II World War scenario, it was natural and inevitable for its appetiser pop culture to be colored by the more virile Western music scene. Hence, this is a reality that most of the J-Pop artists look towards the West for b are-ass ideas and inspiration. Still, the real forte of J-Pop is its unique ability of subjecting the Western compositions to a distinctly local influence that alters them conspicuously, thereby giving them a rattling discernable Japanese pop flavor (Japanese Lifestyle, 2009). Thus, the Western listenings are though often able to identify the sources of motivation of some J-Pop compositions, still they simply could not resist appreciating the implicit in(predicate) uniqueness and ingenuity of J-Pop. In fact, it was J-Wave, a local FM radio station that christened this distinctly Western version of the... Just a decade ago, a majority of the J-Pop artists looked towards Western markets to realize their ambition of becoming an o verseas success. Despite enjoying a close cultural affinity with the neighboring Asian countries, the J-Pop artists were reluctant to disinvest into the Asian climes owing to fears of large-scale piracy . Yet, it is a fact that a majority of the Asian masses being unable to identify with Western songs and compositions are more receptive and open to J-Pop. Things are fast changing and Japanese music companies are responding to this propitious opportunity by resorting to aggressive marketing in Asian countries. At present, Taiwan, Hong Kong and South Korea happen to be some of the largest markets of J-Pop outside Japan. The advent of the internet has further added to the international appeal of J-Pop. With the works of celebrated J-Pop artists in stock(predicate) on online retail stores, the musical side of the Japanese popular culture is expected to be further globalized. As J-Pop is getting international, even Western audience are succumbing to its appeal, as it is really ease to respond to the essence of J-Pop compositions even if one does not understand the lyrics. J-Pop happens to be an essentially Asian music genre that reluctantly began as an outcome of the political and cultural constraints, limitations and opportunities that faced the post War Japan. An aesthetic trend, which started with an urge to appeal to the taste of the victorious Western audience, very soon ended up having a distinct identity of its own. All that was needed was a cosmopolitan platform and astute marketing possibilities that were facilitated by the TV and the internet. Today J-Pop is an art form whose sway is destined to proceed beyond Asian markets to win the loyalty and fan following of the Western masses.

Safety issues Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Safety issues - Research Paper ExampleThe safety issues need to be given the proper attention that shall pave the way for a bring out understanding of the club and the people at large so that they can interact on a nonp beil to one level and bring advantage for the society as a whole.The changing populace scenario in the last decade or so has seen that terrorism has come out in the open. This has meant that the world order has come down badly. The uproar has been negative more than anything else and which has meant that the security and safety issues have come up for all the abuse reasons. This suggests the negativity of the society as a whole and its people in meticulous who are direct more concerned than ever because they know that in order to transcend a good life, they need to ensure that their near and dear ones are following the safety dictum not to be present at the wrong place at the wrong time.What is even more distressing to know is the fact that the safety issues are being given more emphasis now than ever before. The people have started to enact ways and means through which their safety is going to be guaranteed. They are very serious about such(prenominal) nuances and want to ensure that their seriousness regarding this aspect is understood by the people around them and the ones who are in positions of authority. If this is done, it makes the entire society feel comfortable with one another, and gives the people the much needed mileage that they require in entirety.The safety issues are being understood properly by the people at large. This is because everyone wants to proceed in peace and harmony, and thus ensure that there is a great amount of security for the people who reside in varied parts of the world. hardly then again, the locals of a particular area do not want their lives to get disturbed through the agents that bring about unsafe avenues (Bladek, 2011). These safety issues are also being dictates by the government because it wants the people to live easily and without much fuss. If the

Search Warrant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Search Warrant - Essay ExampleThere are two types of excuses, make warrants and search warrants, although arrest warrants are rarely used or required. Although search warrants are often used, especially in cases where there is an extensive investigation, the Court has broadened the pile under which the police may conduct warrantless searches. This consideration is reflected in the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure 41(c), which states, It shall command the incumbent to search, within a specified breaker point of time not to exceed 10 days (Bloom, 2003, p. 91).In order to allow search warrants, judges or magistrates base their probable cause determination on sworn affidavits signed by police officers. This provides a written record if it is necessary to re encounter the probable cause determination. A reviewing court impart only review that information that was presented to the magistrate at the time the warrant was issued. Some jurisdictions, including the federal system, per mit the issuance of a warrant on sworn ad-lib communications, even if communicated by a telephone. In this situation, the judge will place the person applying for the warrant under oath and record the conversation when possible and if it is not possible to record the conversation then the judge will create a longhand verbatim record. According to the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure 41(c) the enter or the longhand record must be filed with the court (Bloom, 2003, p. 91). Since the government has to respond to the burden in hearings on warrantless searches, the police officers testimony serves as the pedigree point for a trial courts consideration of the constitutionality of the police action (Larry, 1999).Although traditional search warrants are back up by probable cause, lower courts have supported the issuance of anticipatory warrants. At the time of issuance, these warrants are not supported by traditional probable cause that a detail item is at a particular place instead , they are issued on a showing that a particular item will be at a particular place. This situation usually exists when illegal imports is in transit and is about to be delivered to a particular place. The Court, however, has not dealt specifically with anticipatory warrants.In the following situations, a law enforcement officer does not require a search warrant to conduct a searchSituation One A law enforcement officer when spot something in context with the plain view doctrine where he has a legal right to seize, does not require a search warrant to seize the object, evidence or contraband. However there are some criteria to be followed that includes 1) The place where an officer is conducting a search, must be legal and plain for him 2) In order to apply according to the plain view, the officer must not be using any advance technology and 3) Plain view search requires any discovery without a warrant is to be taken by chance. The plain view doctrine supports open fields doctrine that states that any open pastures and areas tie in to it are eligible to be searched legally by an officer even without obtaining any search warrant. In the context of search warrant, the Fourth Amendment plays a