Wednesday, July 31, 2019

Confedrates in the attic

Tony Horwitz in the book, â€Å"Confederates in the Attic: Dispatches of an Unfinished Civil War† travels throughout the south following the path of the Civil War he meets many people interesting and different people and visits the cities and towns along the path of the Civil War there are many themes throughout the book, but the two I found most important were Reality, and The Life of a Solider. The reason I choose these as my most important topics are because I feel it is necessary to understand the reality of the Civil War and to do that understanding the life of a solider is necessary.During Horwitz' travels one of the first things he learns is that the reenactments are not as easy and fun as he had expected, however there are people who have the same love as Horwitz but do not take Reenactment's as seriously, â€Å"We try to be authentic, but no one wants to eat rancid bacon and lie in the mud all night. This is a hobby, not a religion† (Horwitz 130). The life of a soldier in the 1860's was difficult and for the thousands of young Americans who left home it was an experience none of them would ever forget.The average reinactor was male thirty-four, and did this for fun, so magine how harsh it was for an eighteen year-old drafted solider to leave home and eat rancid bacon and lie in the mud all night. â€Å"Soldiers would carry their cards, dice, writing utensils, letters, and other necessary goods for passing time in their haversacks. Soldier often had to carry these supplies as well as several other things that they needed with them at all times. The types and amounts of supplies available to these soldiers depended on the resources of their armies. â€Å"( Capman and Jankoviak 9).Here the textbooks goal is to make students aware of what the reality of a solider as carrying the personal with them twenty-four/seven. Racial Tensions in the civil war Throughout the Civil War racial tensions grew exponentially, this was not a very good thing f or African American soldiers either fighting with the north or being forced to fght with the south. Getting a Haircut in the army â€Å"The Union and Confederate armies were haphazardly raised, badly organized, poorly trained, inadequately fed, clothed and housed, and almost wholly without comforts, sports, entertainments or proper medical care†(Commerger 1).Im one of ommerger's articles he writes about getting a haircut during the Civil War something that seams so normal to any of us but at camp Cameron there was only one person who knew how to cut hair, one time a man came running through the camp screaming,† The Yankees are coming! † and right there in the middel of his haircut they picked up their weapons and marched into War. How The Civil War Soldiers Marched No hardships were harder than the marching The roads were dusty in the summerand muddy in the winter; the soldiers were dressed in heavy wool, loaded own with fifty or sixty pounds of equipment, often w ithout food for most of the day.It is no wonder that straggling was almost universal, or that thousands of men fell out of line and got lost. It is difficult to know whether the Confederate or the Federal soldiers suffered most from marching. More Confederates than Federals were country bred, and theretore more accustomed to cross-country hiking; on the other hand the Confederacy was low on shoes, and there are any number of stories of Southern soldiers marching barefoot, even in the winter months.

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Digital music and the internet age – The people vs. the recording industry association of America

Just as the Internet is fast becoming a way of life for many in the United States, music has had its roots embedded in people's lives, careers, and hobbies throughout history. What do you get when you merge music and the Internet in the year 2002? Chaos, it seems. In this heated debate, there are two sides that are prevalent. The first is brought by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), which represents the major record labels, musicians, and artists in the United States. The RIAA claims that the Internet is responsible for rampant music piracy that has the power to destroy the music industry as we know it. The RIAA been in the center of countless lawsuits and trials, and is in the forefront of the digital music debate through its use of legal tactics. The other side of this debate is represented by you and me – the common people. We do not argue that music piracy is illegal and unethical. However, we have much at stake in this argument, as the RIAA has tried to gain approval for strict laws that could affect each and every one of us. The RIAA has tried to invade our privacy, sue the common people, prevent us from playing CDs in our computers, hack into our computers, stop the sale of personal music players, and change key pieces of legislature for their benefit. Rather than approach this issue with public support and regard for the consumers who make their industry possible, the RIAA has continually neglected public opinion and has put us on the back burner in order to protect their profit margins. The History So what exactly is this big mess about? In a nutshell, it boils down to digital music piracy. The music industry is hurting from a 9.2 percent global music sales slump in 2001. According to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry, world CD sales fell seven percent last year, while singles and cassettes continued to decline (Wang 147). They claim that music piracy on the Internet is largely to blame for this trend. By merging the Internet and compact disc technologies, it became possible for people to convert the digital music stored on CDs into a very small computer file format called MP3. A music file converted to MP3 could then be sent to other people on the Internet quickly and easily. These technological advances eventually led to rampant music piracy on the Internet. While I do not condone nor support digital music piracy, I believe that the battle the RIAA is waging has been unfair, one-sided, and based on greed. In trying to protect their interests, this trade group has bitten the hands of the people who feed it – us. The Past In 1980, a case came upon the United States Supreme Court docket involving Universal City Studios, a Hollywood movie studio, and a new Sony technology called Betamax, or what we now refer to as the common VCR. Universal City Studios asked the courts to block Betamax sales, which were poised to enter the consumer market. The movie studio argued that consumers would use VCRs to copy and distribute copyrighted films (Wright 16). In 1984 the U.S. Supreme Court told the movie industry to back off, ruling that most people would use VCRs to record soap operas they missed while at work, rather than making illegal copies of films (Wright 18). One would think that a lesson was learned from this scenario. Sadly, that was not the case. Fast-forward fifteen years and we see a very similar situation unfold. RIAA vs. MP3 players In 1998, Diamond Multimedia introduced the Rio portable MP3 player to the consumer market. MP3 files were starting to become very popular. Using the Rio portable MP3 player, people would be able to convert files from CDs that they owned into MP3 format, and then transfer them onto the Rio MP3 player, which could store hours of music and would eliminate any need for CDs or cassettes (Musician's Internet, par. 8). Enter the Recording Industry Association of America. In 1999 the RIAA filed suit against Diamond Multimedia, the creators of the Rio MP3 player. They claimed that the player violated the Audio Home Recording Act of 1992, which prohibits devices that make copies from digital music recordings. The RIAA believed that since people had the ability to illegally download music from the Internet, the portable MP3 player should be illegal (Musician's Internet, par. 9). This was a major flaw in logic for the RIAA. First of all, I personally cannot think of one person who does not own at least one CD these days. Even my grandmother has more than a handful! By trying to ban the portable MP3 player, the RIAA was saying that people did not have any legal or legitimate use for the product. However, people could easily copy songs from the many CDs they owned onto this portable MP3 player, and still remain perfectly law abiding citizens! Just as in the previous Betamax judgment, this case was thrown out. The Ninth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that Diamond Multimedia's technology was perfectly legal, as the player made copies from computer hard drives and CDs, not solely from digital music recordings (Musician's Internet, par.15). The portable MP3 player has now become immensely popular and successful, and is one of the current best-selling pieces of technology on the market today. In fact, analysts predict that 26 million portable MP3 players will be sold in 2005, threatening the dominance of even CDs (Brull 67)! The RIAA was trying to hinder change. If they had been successful, we would not have portable MP3 players in our lives today. RIAA vs. Napster The case of the Recording Industry Association of America versus Napster was very widely publicized. Napster was an online file-trading program that allowed people to trade both legal and illegal MP3 files with ease. The RIAA soon entered the scene, eventually succeeding in shutting Napster down. I do believe that the RIAA had very good reason to take action against Napster, as it was an online music piracy haven. However, in succeeding to shut the service down, they overlooked a very important issue; people loved downloading music from the Internet. Rather than start their own legal online file-sharing program, the RIAA and the music industry were very slow in action. The RIAA did not listen to public demand for such a service. With the demise of Napster, new illegal trading programs popped up. Unlike their predecessor Napster, however, these programs would be next to impossible to shut down as they have no central server location. These networks run from user to user. Essentially, the only way to stop the programs is to shut down the Internet itself. If the RIAA had listened to the people, it is very possible that they would be in a much better position in the fight against music piracy. However, they ignored the need of the public, and dug themselves an even deeper hole. There was a very legitimate and legal answer to Napster. Rather than trying to turn the service into a paying model or creating their own service, the RIAA simply shut it down. They gave no thought to the legal uses, such as promotion, sharing of files by independent artists not signed to any record label, uncopyrighted material, and music available with permission from the artist or record company. So why didn't the RIAA and the major record labels jump to start their own Napster-like networks? The answer is simple. Digital music distribution, as it stands now, offers much thinner profit margins. Rapper Chuck D says â€Å"a major label makes a CD for as little as 80 cents, then sells it wholesale for $10.50 so retailers can charge $14 – that's highway robbery.† He gloats further that â€Å"the true revenge will come when the major labels start dropping their prices† (Hopper, par. 7). If consumers are able to use inexpensive technology to download music free or of a much lesser charge, you can bet that they won't run to a record store and pay $14 for a CD. The key to that $10 profit margin they are making is that manufacturing and distribution would eventually fade in digital downloads, meaning the record labels would have to cut costs and make a smaller profit. It's all about money. With so much piracy occurring online and next to no way to stop it, what could the RIAA do next? How about prevent consumers from playing CDs in their computers, or better yet, how about hacking all of your computers? That is exactly what they are trying to do. RIAA vs. Your Computer Throughout its many legal battles thus far, the RIAA has continually neglected and disregarded the music consumers. So, it comes as no surprise that it happens yet again. However, this time their focus is on your very own personal computer. One of the first anti-piracy measures used by the RIAA and the major record labels was a technology called copy-protected CDs. Introduced in 2000, these CDs were designed to prevent a user from copying music tracks to a computer and then sharing them with others online (Cohen 43). Sounds good, right? Maybe not, as this technology has a major downfall. If you try to play a copy-protected CD in your computer, you will find out that it isn't possible! In fact, even some older regular CD players cannot play the copy-protected discs. By adding this copy-protection, the music industry effectively stops you from playing these CDs in your computer at all. In doing this, however, one of your personal rights has been taken away. Imagine that! The 1992 Audio Home Recording Act allows music listeners to make some personal digital copies of their music for their own use and backup (Brull 67). With copy-protected CDs, you are not able to make copies of the music that you have purchased and have every right to copy and backup – another strike against the RIAA. The copy-protection debate is currently being waged by lawmakers. Another way the Recording Industry Association of America is trying to stop you from copying music and sharing it with others is by hacking you! This is another debate currently up in the air in Congress. The RIAA has recruited Congressmen Howard Berman and Howard Coble to introduce a piece of legislature that would let content owners hack pirates' computers (Brull 68). So what does that mean to you? Essentially, it means that the record labels, the RIAA, and copyright owners would be able to hack into your computers and delete or replace your illegal files. This is a huge breach of privacy, but yet another act that the RIAA deems ‘necessary.' If they cannot stop the software used to trade illegal files, the industry hopes to attack your computer instead! RIAA vs. Privacy and Internet Service Providers (ISPs) However, the fight doesn't stop at your computer. Money means so much to these companies that they want to compromise your privacy as well. On July 23, 2002, the Recording Industry Association of America made an unprecedented request of Verizon Communications, a company that sells Internet access to consumers. The RIAA served the company with a subpoena, seeking the identity of a Verizon subscriber who allegedly illegally traded songs by artists including Britney Spears, Jennifer Lopez, and N'Sync. The RIAA didn't specify why it wanted to know who the user was, or what it would do with the information (Hopper, par. 16). Luckily, Verizon denied the request and took this issue to court. Everyone has a right to be anonymous online. A user's anonymity should not be unmasked without any proof of misconduct. In fact, in defamation and trademark-infringement cases, a judge is first asked to weigh the evidence of illegal activity against the constitutionally protected right to anonymous speech (Black 9). The RIAA is trying to bypass judges, courts, and laws in order to force ISPs to reveal information about their subscribers without even making any charges. This is yet another personal right that the company is infringing upon. This debate is currently in court as well, and it should be interesting to see what happens in the end. It is very probable that the U.S. Supreme Court will settle this issue. RIAA vs. Your Integrity Even after showing no respect for your personal rights and laws as a consumer, the RIAA is now attacking your very own integrity. On September 26, 2002, ads began running on television and in print condemning online music piracy. These weren't your normal ads, however. This time around, the RIAA thought that since they couldn't get your attention, perhaps popular music superstars could (Healy, par. 2). These ads, by such artists as Britney Spears, Mary J. Blige, Shakira, and Madonna have one underlying message – we are thieves. â€Å"Would you go into a CD store and steal a CD?† Britney Spears asks in one ad. â€Å"It's the same thing, people going into the computers and stealing our music† (Healy, par. 4). Rapper Nelly had a similar message. â€Å"We really look at it as stealing, because to us it's black and white, either you pay for it or you don't. And, you're not paying for it† (Healy, par. 6). However, these ads are a bit hard to swallow for the average consumer. Let's look at this picture again. These are mega-selling superstars. In 2000, Madonna had reported assets in excess of $425 million. Britney Spears makes over $40 million yearly (Healy, par. 9). The RIAA wants us to believe that these artists are hurting from piracy? I don't know about you, but I don't feel too sorry. Conclusion In conclusion, I believe that the Recording Industry Association of America is a devious and thoughtless trade group. They have continuously put their profit margin ahead of the rights of the consumers. The numerous real-life examples presented in this paper should give you a firm understanding of the unethical antics that the RIAA has used to further their cause. Which side are you on – big business, or consumer rights?

Globalization in the Music industry Essay

The music industry has been around for over two centuries (PBS). Its volatility can be measured by its ability to shift and change according to its time period, the technologies that arise through the ages and the public’s shift in musical taste. The music industry is comprised of many different components, organizations and individuals that operate within it. Some of these components include the artists who compose the music themselves, the producers that engineer the sounds created by the artists, the companies that handle distribution and promotion of the recorded music, the broadcasters of the music such as radio stations, and professionals who assist the artists to further and better their livelihoods, such as lawyers and managers. All of these components work in cohesion to compose what is the larger industry of music. In order to fully understand how the music industry has survived and changed in the face of obstacles, one must look at its short history. The music industry only really started to emerge in the 19th century when sheet music began to be printed and distributed. People did not listen to recorded music until 1877 when Thomas Edison invented the original phonograph, so instead they would buy sheet music and play the music for themselves. Over the next century technologies were invented that streamlined the recording and listening of music such as creation of records, jukeboxes and the household radio. Mass production techniques were invented at the turn of the century that allowed music listening to become a regular past time, which propelled the profits of the music industry. Household music listening soon became adopted worldwide and thus shaped the industry that we know today. Globalization has both benefited and plagued the modern music industry. It has allowed for the worldwide spread of music globally through technological breakthroughs such as radio and more modern technologies such as digital distribution. Contrary to this, these modern technologies have also led to some of the greatest downfalls of the music industry, almost crippling it permanently. Recording labels have been forced  to completely remodel they’re respective business models in order to adapt to the advent of the digital music era. The sector has benefited from globalization in more than one way. For instance, these days, it is so easy to find share and listen to music, anyone with a computer can have access to listen and buy music. Also because of the rise of the Internet, artists aren’t confined to national boundaries. Music these days transcends borders (Bloomberg). In the case of Justin Bieber, a Canadian whose music is recognized and accepted widely by the youth of the world, has fans spreading continents all because listening to his music just requires looking up a song name on Youtube. The rise of digital technology and the Internet allows for the industry to bring together the world by finding communalities in musical taste with mass positive reception for an artist and the music he or she creates. No matter if a person is from Egypt or Tha iland, that person can access and enjoy the music of any artist he or she desires. Although the music industry has benefitted from globalization, most of its pitfalls have arisen from the same source that is globalization. The rise of digital technology and the Internet has bankrupt many of the music industries biggest names. A prime example of this is court ordered liquidation of Richard Branson’s 26 Virgin Megastores closings in France due to the rise of online music retailing such as Apple’s Itunes music store, which led to Virgin France’s bankruptcy in 2013 (BBC). Another fatal blow to the music industries crippled foundation was the rise of online piracy. As easy as it is to go online and buy or stream music, it is just as easy to steal it. There are thousands of websites dedicated to music piracy. Although music piracy has been on the decline in the past couple years, still about 11 percent of people using the Internet admit to downloading music illegally (Bloomberg). Over the past decade, the use of CDs has been replaced with online streaming and retailing. This has eliminated much of the record companies revenues as they were used to making most of their profit off of distribution and promotion of physical copies of artists albums (Niemen). This has caused for a major shift and remodeling of major players in the music industries business models. Companies such Sony, Warner Music Group and Universal Music Group have started to completely rethink the way they conduct business (Forbes). In the past record labels were not only responsible for production, distribution and promotion of an artist and  his/her music, but they also acted as a bank (Forbes), funding the artists tours and recording sessions. Recently, these music giants have been moving towards becoming more of a modular network organization. What this means is that they are less occupied with the nitty gritty, and more focused on what they do best which is distribution and promotion. Th is also allows for more freedom of creativity for the artist as well as fairer split of profits (Forbes). This adaption of new business models clearly shows the versatility of the music industry in adapting to new times and technologies. One can only speculate the future of the music industry. As aforementioned, the music industry is in constant flux, changing shape and adapting to new trends and innovations. If the music industry can survive the blows dealt by the rise of the digital era, than in my opinion, it can withstand whatever test time delivers. Hopefully, as the future of music and globalization proceeds, we will see a convergence between the music industry, artists and consumers that will benefit all parties. Globalization has the power to ruin industries or propel them to heights unseen. In the case of the music industry, although it has been affected negatively in the past, recent data shows that for the first time in years, the music industry has seen growth due to globalization and the widespread popularity of the artist Adele (Bloomberg). This proves that something positive can be found in every negative experience, especially in regards to globalization and the music industry. Sources: Lin, Cheng-Yi (2014). The Evolution of Taipei’s Music Industry: Cluster and Network Dynamics in the Innovation Practices of the Music Industry. Vol. 51 Issue 2, p335-354. Percival, J. Mark (2011). Music Radio and the Record Industry: Songs, Sounds, and Power. Popular Music & Society. Vol. 34 Issue 4, p455-473. 19p. GÃÅ"NDÃÅ"Z, UÄŸur (2012). Digital Music Format Mp3 as a New Communications Technology and the Future of the Music Industry. Scientific Journal of Humanistic Studies. Vol. 4 Issue 7, p202-207. Ian Ginsberg. (2010). Music Lessons Lessons Inform Photojournalism’s Future. â€Å"The record business died as the digital music business was born. Photojournalism finds itself at a similar juncture now.† Retrieved from http://www.nieman.harvard.edu/reports/article/102116/Music-Lessons-Inform-Photojournalisms-Future.aspx Schweizer, Kristen (2013). Music Industry Grows First Time in a Decade on Digital Adele. Retrieved from http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-02-26/digital-music-with-adele-helps-record-industry-return-to-growth.html Plà ¡cido Domingo (2012). Digital Music Report 2012. A digital world that rewards artists and creators. Retrieved from http://www.ifpi.org/content/library/DMR2012.pdf Plummer, Robert (2013). French Mourn Virgins â€Å"Funeral March.† Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/news/business-20944909 Neilsen Soundscan (2011) The Nielsen Company & Billboard’s 2011 Music Industry Report. Retrieved from http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20120105005547/en/Nielsen-Company-Billboard%E2%80%99s-2011-Music-Industry-Report#.Ux6BImTwLzQ Taintor, Callie (2004) Chronology: Technology and the Music Industry. â€Å"An examination of some of the technological milestones of recorded music.† Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/music/inside/cron.html Owsinski, Bobby (2014). 50 Cent’s The Latest To Exploit The Music Industry’s Newest Business Model. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/sites/bobbyowsinski/2014/03/04/50-cent-the-latest-to-exploit-the-music-industrys-newest-business-model/

Monday, July 29, 2019

Henry Grantt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Henry Grantt - Essay Example ("Wikipedia") Upon graduating from the John Hopkins College, Gantt worked as a schoolteacher and draughtsman. He then pursued mechanical engineering and was employed by Midvale Steel and Bethlehem Steel in 1887. In these companies, he worked as a management consultant in collaboration with Frederick W. Taylor, known as the father of Scientific Management. ("Wikipedia") Gantt became influential during the early 1900s when his proposed management theories and tools where broadly recognized in the world of business. As one of the pioneers of the Scientific Management movement, Gantt believes that management problems should be studied according to scientific methods. This entails the elimination of guesswork, setting a proper task for each man and allocating apt rewards for the achievement of assigned tasks. (Gaus) His most prominent legacy to the management discipline is the Gantt chart, an important tool in project management. Aside from this, Gantt also focused on developing motivational schemes, reward systems, methods of measuring efficiency as well as the importance of leadership qualities and management skills in building effective industrial organizations. ("Gurus") Gantt is recognized as a forerunner of the Human Relations School of Management. He "humanized" the prevailing salary scheme during those times, which was based on Taylor's piece-rate system, by developing a pay incentive scheme comprising of a guaranteed minimum wage plus bonus system ("Gurus"). With Gantt's proposed wage program, bonuses are provided for workers who accomplished their jobs in less time than the benchmark set (Higgins). This served as the motivating factor for workers to strive to become more productive in completing assigned tasks. He advocated this type of incentive scheme because he deemed that this would result in the congruency of interests of both employers and employees. He believed that organizational efficiency could be substantially enhanced by further improving the productivity of workers in the same pace as that of production technology. (Knoedler) In terms of employee training, Gantt disagreed with Taylor's vision that the purpose of training was primarily to assist employees in learning and perfecting rudimentary tasks. During his stint as management consultant, he permitted machinists to experiment with new methods until they were able to discover innovative means of improving their productivity and earning bonus based on the quality of their performance. (Knoedler) Given these findings, Gantt had indeed refined and expanded the human resource management theories asserted by Taylor (Henderson). Furthermore, he believed that all corporate undertakings should be in line with human nature. Gantt posited, "We cannot drive people; we must direct their development." ("Professional Development in Private Sector") Gantt's influence on wage incentive and training schemes is still remarkable until now. Nowadays, companies tend to relate their bonuses and other benefits on employee performance which in return is based on the meeting of specific objectives or targets set for each employee. Moreover, companies provide relevant trainings and seminars for

Sunday, July 28, 2019

Human Resources Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Human Resources - Research Paper Example One of the core roles of HR is to support workplace safety teaching and upholding rules for workplace injury and casualty reporting. Moreover, HR safety and risk experts often work closely with HR to manage compensation issues for the workers. Compliance with work and employment regulations is a key HR function. Failure to comply result in employee’s and general dissatisfaction with working settings that affect output and eventually, profitability. HR team must be alert of national and government employment rules and many other rules and regulations (Lussier, & Hendon, 2013).All personnel people participate in research activities. HR conduct research to get evidences and information about employees details in order to come up with and maintain a program that works. Through a well-designed research for instance survey, worker’s views can be collected on salaries, welfare services among others. It is therefore the sole duty of the HR to collect wholesome and current employee records are essential for most personnel functions. â€Å"Human resource managers must also create, administer and improve your compensation and benefit structures. Retaining excellent associates depends on many factors. Outstanding pay and benefits are two critical factors that will ultimately determine how well your employees feel about your organization and the likelihood that they will remain with your company in the future† Mondy & Gowan (2005). Constructing an effective compensation system and determining the best benefits package for all of your employees are skills that are mandatory for your HR manage It is very expensive to recruit employees. It is also a significant component of business and doing it properly counts. Choosing the right employee for a particular job, training them well and appropriately treating them, motivate these employees to produce good results and want to stay longer in the organization. In such situations, the organization’s original and

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Nigeria festival Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nigeria festival - Research Paper Example A wide range of festivities began the eating of new yam (Falola 143). This festival is organized after the people are able to get enough yields after the cultivation season, so basically this is how they express their feelings of joy and happiness by organizing just a big festival that gladdens the entire land of Igbo. New Yam Festival is celebrated at the time of completion of some serious farm work done by men to produce yam. It’s a ritual of dramatic performance and is seen as a dynamic and integral part of the culture of the people of Igbo. This 8-day festival accommodates people from different villages as well and thanksgiving to the gods and ancestors is undertaken. Not only adults but both young and old citizens participate in this festive treat and perform various rituals (Kalu 184). Eating and drinking along with dancing and singing music are the main features of this big annual ritual festival. At different periodic levels, the male head of the family manifests his joy and happiness by ringing the bell of his buffalo several times. Wine is being served in horns of oxen and sometimes in buffaloes’. People who are poor and less privileged are not allowed to drink this way. Discrimination is one of the inner features of this celebration that takes place. These people use gourd cups, along with women and children. This festival is an official declaration of the eating of new yam which is the result of intense hard work all during the year (Okoroike 135). This festival holds a significant role in the lives of the people who belong to Igbo land. It is demonstrated at the beginning even before the ceremony is being commenced which is the ritual washing of the children which are about to partake in the festival. After making a ritual space with the help of leaves, children are made to stand in it and then with some religious recitations, through the throat, they are asked to pass certain materials and then spit them out on the ground. Some of

Friday, July 26, 2019

Asylum Seekers in the United Kingdom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Asylum Seekers in the United Kingdom - Essay Example Figure 1: Asylum seeker applications in the UK during 2000-2009 (Topic guide to Immigration Control and Asylum n.d.). This figure clearly reflects on the fact that the degree to which immigrants applied for asylum seeking in the UK has drastically minimized over the years. The present study would discuss why and how this has been possible, and whether the English law has been successful in dealing with asylum seekers effectively.  The present study focuses on an understanding of the concept of asylum seeking in the UK by individuals and discusses the fact that the legal system offered by the English Law on the issue of illegal asylum seekers is not sufficient in taking the correct decisions in regard to the asylum seekers. This considers the difficulty that the asylum seekers are encountered with in order to make their places in the country, as well as the ignorance of the law to assist these people, and hence the consequences of suffering of these people or their forceful entry in to the country.  In the UK, generally, the asylum seekers have to wait for around 2 months to even 6 years before their claims are accepted or refused. If the refugees have chosen UK, it is likely that they have someone known in the country. Any customary and obligatory introduction program is not provided by the UK for new arrivals in the country. For this reason, refugees and asylum seekers are required to get hold of information about livelihood and work in the UK from their own sources and any networks that exist and can help them out with guidance (Refugees and asylum seekers in the UK: The challenges of accessing education and employment 2009).  In the UK, in the present times, the UK Border Agency (BIA) supports the asylum seekers. The policy of the BIA allows offering all the asylum seekers facilities of accommodation on a basis of no-choice.  

Thursday, July 25, 2019

Black Muslim movement Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Black Muslim movement - Research Paper Example Elijah Muhammad ensured that the Black Nationalist and self-governance (the group called Nation of Islam) ideals were able to reach the poor black people and those in prison. Through his leadership the organization drastically grew from 8,000 members and accumulated over 100,000 members in the 1950s and 1960s especially after the involvement of its spokesperson or minister Malcolm X 2. However, as time went on there was friction and disagreements between Muhammad and Malcolm that resulted in Malcolm being suspended in 1963 and subsequently being assassinated in 1965 most likely by Muhammad followers3. Muhammad finally died in 1975, and ultimately his son Wallace D. Muhammad (Later changed to Warith Deen Mohammed) assumed the leadership and his teachings did not insinuate much violence to black Muslims like his father. Wallace pushed for the organization to adhere to the teachings of international Islamic community that was more inclined to the Sunni Islamic norms while he also change d the group to World Community of al-Islam with its ground in the West, and later it became American Muslim Mission then to American Society of Muslims. In 1977, some members split from this group through the guidance of Louis Farrakhan since they felt that they needed more radical changes. They called themselves the Nation of Islam and they focused on reliving the teachings or footsteps of Elijah Muhammad. The Nation of Islam began accommodating traditional Islamic norms in the 1990s while Farrakhan and Mohammed publicly claimed that they had ended their long rivalry in the year 20004. Background/History of Black Islam Movement The Black Muslim Movement or what is popularly called Nation of Islam (NOI) came into being in Detroit, Michigan through the leadership of Wallace Fard Muhammad in the year 1930. The Black Muslim followers refereed to Fard as the â€Å"Mullah Fard,† â€Å"the Prophet,† he was also known as â€Å"The Great Mahdi† and even â€Å"The Savio r.† His teachings to the black were that they were part of an early and long forgotten tribe called Shabazz. He cited that all white people were â€Å"devils† and therefore, a war would ensue among all races in the world and these â€Å"white devils† will ultimately be destroyed. In 1934, Fard vanished mysterious (possibly murdered by rivals) and in that instant one of his devoted followers Elijah Poole became the leader while he changed his name to Elijah Mohammed. An uprising occurred in the Temple at Detroit and therefore, Elijah had to move to Chicago where he attracted many black followers as they wished to be part of the rebellion against white power5. Elijah had been sentenced to five years (1942-1946) in jail since he agreed with Hitler and Nazi ideas while motivating blacks to refrain from joining the American army. During his time in prison, Mohammed realized that black convicts were especially the best people to support the anti-white and anti-Jewish s entiments in favor of black Muslims. Mohammad embarked spreading a message that encouraged Nazi support and black movement ideologies which converted many blacks to the group by the time he left the prison system. In 1947, a black drug dealer, robber, and rapist called Malcolm Little heard about the Black Muslims group during his time in Michigan state penitentiary. Malcolm Little stopped smoking, gambling and refrained from eating pork in a bid to adhere to the Muslim

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Taking care of two kids and managing profession Essay

Taking care of two kids and managing profession - Essay Example My heart started beating fast. I had applied for a job at this firm in Jacksonville, as a Program Management Assistant, and it had been four days and I hadn’t heard for them. I eagerly checked my mail, and there it was; an email from that firm. My hands trembled as I moved the cursor and clicked on the mail. And then there it was, written clear as crystal. I had been selected and was invited to start work at the firm. I couldn’t believe my eyes. Was this really happening? I knew that it was too early to get excited, as I still had other issues to work out. I live in Hawaii, and moving to Florida was a huge and difficult step. I grew up in Hawaii and almost everyone in town knew me. Plus, I had friends and relatives here, and my children had become used to this place. My excitement was gradually waning, and I found myself lost in these thoughts.I knew that I couldn’t take this decision, without consulting my children, so I went to their bedroom and woke them up. S urprisingly, they did not react much to this news and took it quite calmly. I did emphasize that how important this job was to me, and that I was only doing it for them and to secure their future, but I didn’t put much pressure on them and asked them to take their time. After this, I ambled outside the room and waited. Not much time had passed by when the door creaked open and both my children walked out. This was one of the happiest moments of my life, and I was so thrilled to realize that how supportive my children were.

Authority, Structure and Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Authority, Structure and Organization - Essay Example From this study it is clear that  board of directors plays a very rudimentary role in plan implementation. They formulate organization’s vision and mission. They audit all components of plan implementation.   The board of directors also ensures the planned strategy is effective and efficient. At the beginning of the process, they help the team, members in choosing the ideal course and direction. Similarly, they provide an overview of specific opportunities and planning process. After implementation program, they review all strategies to ensure consistency of the implementation plans and main aims. Additionally, they give planning teams insight on the current trends. Lastly, they evaluate opportunities and threats.This paper discusses that the executive leaders execute the strategies of implementation. They ensure there is clear communication between the implementation committee. In future consideration, the leaders make long-term and short-term goals. Also, they play a cru cial role in strategy implementation that helps the idea to become part of the organisation.   In the long run the leaders align, measure make plan implementable.  The committee addresses issues of quality when the plans are being implemented. They evaluate the plan and give a further recommendation on how to improve the quality. The committee also evaluates, provide a report and implement involvement. Furthermore, they help in developing action plans in the health sector.

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

Work Experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Work Experience - Essay Example 2.2. Communication Skills†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....5 2.3. Time Management†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 2.4. Team Work†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....6 2.5. Organizational Skills†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 3. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 4. References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.8 5. Work Day Activity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 1. Introduction: The report is intended to portray my work experience and the improvements that I have accomplished over my performance and skills over the working period of time at Newlook. At this point I would like to provide the reader with an idea about the organization that I had been associated with and job profile that I had worked in. Newlook, being one of the popular fashion companies in the UK has its operations spread worldwide, since it had started its operations in 1969 (Overiew, 2011). The company has its focus on providing its customers with their in-house manufactured products that can offer value to the consumers for the price they pay for them (How We Work, 2011). I was placed in the retail department of the company and was responsible to look after the sales of the company’s products from the retail stores of the company meeting the demands of the customers. 2. Skills Obtained 2.1. Transferable Skills: Basic skills are highly important as these include the basic workplace literacy and the management and performance skills required for any kind of job that an organization may require fulfilling in order to accomplish its objectives. Such skills are developed while working within an organization (Rainbird, Fuller & Munro, 2004, p.102). These are transferable skills that can be used in different organizations and in different work profiles (Cameron, 1999). This is also necessary because people nowadays tend to change their jobs frequently that require him being competent in his work skills to be capable of adapting to the different job profiles. My work experience at Newlook gave me the opportunity to improve my management and interpersonal skills thus developing my personal abilities towards performing on the activities that were given to me as my responsibilities. Not only did I learn the art of looking after the sales of the products, at the same time, I learnt how to manage any unexpected circumstances or confrontations, and how to interact with different members and organize functions for workers who were subordinate to me, thus having an overall learning of management and personal development. 2.2. Communication Skills: Communication skills are one of the most important factors within any organization because it is only through communications that one’s ideas and thoughts can be shared and passed on to others. When a work has to be done by others, it needs to be communicated properly such that the work is implemented correctly. Also relationships are improved if communications between different members are satisfying (Cheema, 2009, p.61). My work experience at Newlook has also enabled me to improve my communication skills to a great extent. In the process of my working, I had the opportunity to observe my seniors performing their activities, interacting with their subordinates as well as the managers. Thi s observation has helped me a lot to unlearn the manners of communicating different views to other organizational members. In my work profile, I had to continuously communicate to the workers as well as report to my seniors. Hence it improved mu understanding of the ways of

Monday, July 22, 2019

Blue Print for Personal and Professional Growth Essay Example for Free

Blue Print for Personal and Professional Growth Essay This course has provided me with a multitude of tools, and it has definitely taught me to put careful thought into every situation as it pertains to change; whether it relates to work, school, or things that are going on in my personal life. These tools are both important and necessary in order to become an effective manager in the future. This course has taught me a lot in terms of initiating and managing change, and Kotter’s eight-stage process is a very useful approach when it comes to making changes within an organization. This course has helped me strengthen my skills in overcoming barriers that tend to get and make it difficult to keep up with the change process. For me, the most interesting part of the course was learning about how today’s organizations are constantly evolving to accommodate change and learning about the tools that are required in order to work through those barriers that are known to effect efficient and positive change within organizations. To become an effective change advocate, it will be important for me to understand that although the change process can become somewhat difficult, it is possible when the necessary steps are applied to the change process. In addition to believing that change is possible, it is also important to carefully plan for change to assure that the process has been carefully thought out before attempting to apply changes within an organization. Being creative and motivated will also help me to become an effective change advocate as being creative will allow me to step outside of my comfort zone and think outside of the box while being motivated will help build momentum among myself and my employees as well as trust. Being creative will also give me the courage to take risks. Finally, to become an effective change advocate, it will be important for me to be flexible when it comes to change so that I will be able to adjust to any unforeseen circumstances that may arise. Leadership for Change: Enduring Skills for Change Masters Upon reviewing Kanter’s Article, â€Å"Leadership for Change: Enduring Skills for Change Master’s†, I found that of the seven skills described by Kanter, one area of weakness is skill #1: Sensing Needs and Opportunities: Tuning in to the Environment. As the author states, â€Å"Innovation begins with someone being aware enough to sense a new need† (Kanter, 2003). Being a person who has always struggled with adapting to new things, I would definitely benefit from strengthening this skill so that I am equipped with the necessary tools that will allow me to sense when there is a need for change as well as being able to identify the gaps between what is and what could be. Another weak area for me is skill #4: Enlisting Backers and Supporters: Getting Buy-Ins, Building Coalitions†. Strengthening this skill will allow me to bring on board the right people who are needed to help successfully implement the change as having too many people involved with the process could cause a delay in the implementation of the change, or could result in failure. This will require me to communicate my vision in order to find out who is receptive of the change and who is resistant as well ask finding out exactly who I will need to help with the change process. In order to further strengthen my management skills, I will continue with my program at Walden University until I have earned a Master’s degree in the field of management. This program will prepare me to successfully manage my employees and projects as well as how to face some of the critical challenges that exist in today’s society. I will also refer to the tools that have been provided to me in this course as I am sure they will serve as a guide in my quest to enter into the management arena as well as my personal life when change becomes necessary. When it comes to change, it is important to be able to determine both the reason for the change and why it is necessary. I will use the skills that I’ve gained in this course by applying them to changes that take place in my personal life and in my professional life, when applicable. When I am involved in the change process, I will make sure to follow Kotter’s eight-stage process to ensure that the change is implemented successfully and will little or no interferences.

Sunday, July 21, 2019

Key Factors That Can Influence Management Styles Management Essay

Key Factors That Can Influence Management Styles Management Essay Management is described as what managers should do and what they need to do Cole, 2004. Good management keep people motivated, focused and productive since careless attitude are not permitted to excuse by customers (Daft, 2010). Managers have to control the company before knowing how to handle various situations by using different management styles. It is accepted that each style has its own features and when applied it will have different effects in different cultures. Therefore, it made a significant affect when use the most appropriate management styles at the most appropriate time. Briefly, the essay is concerned with identifying and discussing some factors that influence management styles, which will be greatly helpful for people especially managers to recognize the importance of management. Experts defined that management styles can be divided into three parts. The most common used in business are: Autocratic, Democratic, Laissez- faire management styles (Vugt et al, 2004). Autocratic is described as a style that lacking of democracy and decided by entrepreneurs. Democratic style seems to be significantly reversed from Autocratic style, managers and workers are equal and employees are more pleased and humbly to accept opinions by employers. In addition, managers work by rules. Therefore, Democratic style become the most popular styles that accepted by individuals (Yuan and Yi, 2010). Moreover, for Laissez- faire management styles, workers are freedom and managers are free to make a decision (Vugt et al, 2004). The essay tends to mainly focus on this three management styles because these styles are chooses by managers to control the enterprise in a large amount of cultures. After understanding the definition of management styles, figure out the factors would be a vital step. It is known that one key factor always influences one culture. Culture is relative to a group of people who has special characteristics in work place. The individual behavior is strongly influenced by the local culture. In addition, there is something that managers should be awareness in order to make a successful company and really understand different management styles. The rest of the essay will compare with the management styles in Norway, China and Japan and describe how different management styles influence in these countries. China is seen as a typical high-context culture country which included social and cultural conditions and have a greatly impact on communication (Laroche 2003 cited in Hestflatt 2005). Connecting in this type of business to China, the connection place, including environment, it is awareness that leadership is important and helpful to build the successful relationship between employees and employers. Chinese prefer to use an informal way to communicate and get a better understanding of the counterpart. For example, inviting counterparts to restaurant, sending gifts to counterparts and playing together in private home or public entertainment places are always a procedure to talk about the business and strengthen the relationship between each other. Owing to this kind of culture in China, in the management of China, the manager makes decisions by considering the groups behalf in authority and the lower workers have no useful methods to show their opinions. This decision making process i s hierarchy with thinking themselves is the most important, the counterpart is the second (Hestflatt, 2005). In general, China focus on Autocratic and Bureaucratic management styles, it means that collectivistic thinking is considered to be pervasive and hard to change, managers are the leaders who make the decision. In comparison, Norway representative a kind of low-context culture which included social and cultural conditions, and it have a greatly influence on circumstance (Laroche 2003 cited in Hestflatt 2005). Although people rely on particular data and connection between them, it works when individuals make decisions by using their own ideas instead of irrelevant messages. Norwegians prefer to work by rules (Hooker 2003 cited in Hestflatt 2005). A case in point is that in 1980s Norway, management were lack of authoritarianism which reflective strikes in workers (Hestflatt, 2005). As a result, it extremely changed the working environment in that ages and everyone fought for their rights. As well as this indicated that in the management process of Norway, managers focus on cooperation and consensus methods to make a decision. Thus, the concept of Democratic gradually transforms into Norway and is greatly accepted by people (Hestflatt, 2005). Compared Chinese management styles with Norway, leaders in Automatic styles made decisions when attached to their benefits, Chinese managers are a case in point. Conversely, as Vugt et al(2004) states that leaders of Democratic style will make decisions and cooperative with group members by using rules. As a result, Democratic style leaders improve the performance of employees better than the other one. Even though China use Automatic style, however, it is considerably appropriate for China. As we known, China is a country governed by party and government, if Chinese management styles separate from its national conditions instead of using Democratic style, decisions would not match the suitable process of the company and its economy could be decreased. Another culture is Japanese, a country which is near to China but has totally different cultures. Culpan (1993) stressed that Japanese companies are considered to be the worlds most successful ones in the world markets, and the harmonious relationship between managers and workers boost its success. An example of this is an expert uses a seven S model to explain that the concern in staff is one of the most vital styles which make Japanese companies mostly use. Similarity, its effective on goals are suitable for companies (Culpan,1993). Thus, it can be seen that the management style in Japan is Laissez- faire. As a result, stressing the importance of human resource management which including continuously communication between employees and employers make a significant to set goals in Japan. Comparing with all three cultures which are China, Norway and Japanese, two of them are focus on the importance of leadership and Japanese concentrate on goals. In fact, using harmonious type of human resource management mode is not only benefits the management measures, but also more effective to promote the enterprise culture. Thus, entirely different management styles which including Democratic and Laissez- faire are appropriately for capitalism. Conversely, it can be predict that Autocratic is suitable for communism. If using management strategy just by respect or expect the culture, it would get out of control by taking management measures and use of the management tools in enterprise differently. Therefore, staffs may different to recognize the target and measure the effective implementation. Also management performance will appear artificial barrier and management effort will take a greatly discount. It is obvious that the management styles among the three countries are completely different and the factors influenced them are various. However, cultural differences are the most vital factors influenced the management style and one factor suit for only one management style. The information about the business culture of each country is vital for the companies and individuals to be success. Admittedly, with the development of globalization, the trend of management style in each country has some similarities and absorbs the benefits of other countries. However, it is not permitted to completely apply different management styles to its own culture because it is not allowed by national situations. Thus, combine different management styles with its own cultures are alternative methods to solve the problem. Words: 1222

Comparison of Stakeholder Theories

Comparison of Stakeholder Theories Compare and contrast stakeholder and stockholder theories. Discuss how each relates to ethics and regulation. The shareholder theory was described initially by Milton Friedman and it states the traditional view that the maximisation of financial value for shareholders is the ultimate goal of the business (Mansell, 2013). The central idiom of shareholder theory implies that long-term cash surpluses increase shareholder value (Rausch, 2011). Smith (2003), writes describing some of the misconceptions regarding Shareholder theory clarifying that the increase of profits is clearly restrained by legality. Additionally, there exists the perspective that under shareholder theory, charitable donations are discouraged as they would directly reduce profits however they are supported within the constraints of available capital. Stakeholder theory was described initially by Edward Freeman and it states that a company has a duty of responsibility to an extended group described as stakeholders. Stakeholders include all individuals which may be affected by the activities of the company for example shareholders, employees, customers, and competitors. According to Kaler (2006), stakeholder theory has two main ethical functions-firstly, it proposes distributive fairness within a capitalist framework, by distribution of profits to non-shareholder interests as opposed to the shareholders only, and secondly it promotes the concept of corporate social responsibility which produces ethical pressure for companies to adopt obligations to society that transcend shareholder appeasement. Stakeholder theory has gained popularity in light of recent corporate scandals (Reynolds et al, 2006). According to Smith (2003) the fundamental distinction between shareholder and stakeholder theory is that stakeholder theory stresses that stakeholder interests are considered even if profits are diminished as a consequence however as all interests are represented and as this includes the shareholders, there is still a requirement to show a profit without which the business would fail. According to Mansell (2013), it is possible for an organization to maintain and uphold the ethical principles, described in the shareholder theory model, whilst simultaneously upholding those described in the stakeholder theory model by modifying the traditional credo to extend the tenet regarding sole stakeholder focus being maximization of shareholder profit. This is achieved by questioning if the concept of corporate duty to achieve happiness of any non-shareholder contravenes shareholder theory. Mansell maintains that the original shareholder theory is effectively outdated and that his modifications would allow both theories to coexist. 2. List five normative ethical theories and provide a one-paragraph summary of each. How are they similar? Different? You may choose from the following: virtue ethics, deontology, consequentialism, welfarism, egoism, relational ethics, role ethics, and pragmatic ethics. Deontological theory is determined by the categorical imperative and states that one should act only on axioms which can be reasoned to be universal laws of nature and to treat humanity in an individual as the end and not the means. Thus ethical behaviour is based on intent. The virtue approach considers virtuous behaviour such as honesty, kindness, and generosity. When looking at behaviour from an ethical perspective the question is asked are these actions reflective of virtuous behaviour and is it representative of the type of business the bank aspires to. This is similar to deontological theory from the perspective in that its characteristics are intentional. According to Melchert (2006), consequentialism is a utilitarian moral philosophy in which actions are categorized as morally acceptable or unacceptable according to their consequences. This theory opposes Deontological theory in that the deontological approach is to judge according to the intention of the individual rather than the consequence of the action whereas the action in consequentialism is absolute. According to Gravel and Moyes (2013), welfarism describes a number of normative approaches which rank social states based upon the distribution of welfare levels. An prime example of one of these approaches is utilitarianism, Utilitarianism has its roots in early Greek philosophers who reasoned that the best life is one that causes the least amount of suffering. Utilitarian theory states the principle focus is maximizing utility. In the field of business ethics, utility equates to the increase in happiness with the reduction of suffering. Ethical egoism is often described as the traditional business model (Debeljak and Krkac, 2008) who debated that opposing the concept of Friedman that the only goal in business is the generation of profit, there are ethics in business namely egoistic business ethics. As is the case in business and other interests, additional factors are essential besides self-interest such as the right to exercise freedom of choice and continuous concern. Self-interest can only be achieved if all conditions are met therefore if the individual maintains the conditions for themselves, they are met for all. References Debeljak, J., Krkac, K. (2008). Me, myself I: practical egoism, selfishness, self-interest and business ethics. Social Responsibility Journal; Bingley4.1/2 (2008): 217-227. Gravel, N., Moyes, P. (2013). Utilitarianism or welfarism: does it make a difference? Social Choice and Welfare; Heidelberg40.2 (Feb 2013): 529-551. Mansell, S. (2013) Shareholder theory and Kants duty of beneficence. Journal of Business Ethics: JBE; Dordrecht117.3 (Oct 2013): 583-599. Melchert, N. (2007). The great conversation: a historical introduction to philosophy (5th Edition). New York: Oxford University Press. Rausch, A. (2011). Reconstruction of decision-making behavior in shareholder and stakeholder theory: implications for management accounting systems. Review of Managerial Science; Heidelberg5.2-3 (Jul 2011): 137-169. Smith, H. (2003). The shareholders vs. stakeholders Debate. Retrieved March 18, 2017, from http://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/the-shareholders-vs-stakeholders-debate/

Saturday, July 20, 2019

Teaching as a Profession Essay -- essays papers

Teaching as a Profession Individuals who enter the field of education reply to the question why teach with various answers. There is beauty, joy, and fulfillment in this profession, and these spirit-lifting emotions are the result of watching annually as a new group of children enter to learn and leave with the knowledge to achieve. Richard Dufour (2000), author of Why Teach expressed his views on the profession first by stating that teaching is not the career for everyone. He goes on to say, that the education profession has the ability to present the â€Å"unique opportunity† for individuals to cast a positive influence upon others (Why Teach, 2000, p.1). The smiles received from a room full of students when as a whole their individual needs, both educational and personal have been catered to, prompts a burst of passion in every teacher. Those who look to the profession as a career would need to nourish these perceptions in order to prevail over the negative aspects that surround the profession. The process of teaching goes far beyond the presentation of facts, it includes the dedication of both heart and time. While compensation and working conditions are the main downfalls in teaching, there are many other situations that cause individuals to turn away from the profession. Teaching is obviously a hard complex job and the individuals who answer the call, encounter many frustrations. They are required to first develop goals for classroom instruction and with these goals develop lesson plans, while implementing effective classroom management (appropriate discipline). They must also monitor and nourish the special needs of every child, and stay current on educational advancements and topic knowledge. Imagine trying to su... ...nt in the future knowledge and the chance for a humane society. President George Bush’s â€Å"No Child Left Behind Act† fails to focus on the recruitment and diversity within the profession. He sets a goal for the year 2005 for every classroom to have a quality teacher but no goal for retaining these teachers. The improvement of the profession requires a national step-by-step effort. The purpose of this paper was to gather and explore information on the teaching profession and with it explore the shortage within in order to educate and strike up reform. It is clear, that reform will require a lot of time and money. The end product however, will show success within the profession thereby equaling success in the classroom. Success comes when present in the classrooms are caring and committed teachers, all with the goal of education and diversity is among them. .

Friday, July 19, 2019

The Parallels of Jesus and Hercules Essay -- Mythology

Myths and religious doctrine are generally recognized as two entirely different things. Myths are usually referred to as a fictitious story or a half-truth; often they are stories shared between groups of people that are part of a cultural society. Religion is a set of beliefs concerning the cause, and purpose of the universe, and often containing an ethical code dictating appropriate human conduct. Although they differ in certain aspects, they still hold similarities. Comparable to parables within the Bible, myths have different versions which are both motivating, as well as entertaining. There are not only parallels to the idea of the stories but specific tales hold similar morals and equivalent characters. "And the Word became flesh, and dwelt among us, and we beheld His glory, glory as of the only begotten from the Father, full of grace and truth."(New Revised Standard Version, John 1:14) As the only son of God in the Christian theology, Jesus Christ was tasked with a multitude of trials, and horrors the common man would have rebuked and refused to undertake. However, as a demi-god born of the divine Christian deity and the mortal, virgin Mary, Jesus was not the average mortal man. Jesus was not the first in history to boast such a birth lineage many examples exist within ancient tales; however Hercules, the illegitimate son of Zeus (supreme god of the Greek pantheon) and Alcmene (a mortal woman) is perhaps one of the most well-known. While the birth of Jesus was with consent and acknowledgement of Mary, Alcmene was tricked into a relationship with Zeus; it is interesting to note, however, neither conception was of traditional coupling. Both Jesus and Hercules were marked for death directly from birth. Hera, Hercules’ st... ...ation that would be interchangeable with the assessments. Is it a coincidence that many cultures share certain aspects of a hero? No, all societies wish for their champions to hold certain values; such as valor, strength, determination and the ability to overcome when faced with horrible adversities. I believe these traits transcend culture, religion and time; the only difference is that most of the ancient religions are now relegated to mythology. Works Cited Graves, Kersey. The World's Sixteen Cruicified Saviors Or, Christianity Before Christ. Web. BookTagsEditDelete "MythNET - Hercules." Classics Unveiled. Web. 01 Apr. 2012. . WebsiteTagsEditDelete "New Revised Standard Version of the Bible." Daily Devotions. Web. 01 Apr. 2012. . Website

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Simba Chips

Simba Packaging: Simba is re-launching the iconic potato chipbrand with a new look and feel to drive additional interest in the snack aisle. The re-launch is focused on refreshing the range of fun and flavourful potato chips to address consumer needs whileboosting brand exposure in retail outlets. A South African icon for 56 years, Simba is committed to further investing in its brand by continuously updating its image to appeal to shoppers and consumers alike and provide easier on shelf navigation and presence.This contemporary new design includes a bigger and more prominent Simba The Lion, capitalising on the loved and easily identifiable icon. At the top center of the packet, is a modified brand logo re-introducing the famous crown that makes it The Unmistakable King of Snacks. The changes made to the packaging are significant, yet the product range retains the key elements that have made Simba a recognisable South African brand for so many years. Additionally the large 125g packet will come in a thicker film to enhance the look and feel on shelf.Part of the research conducted by Simba included elements to ensure that the fundamentals of the new design are assembled centrally on the pack, making it easier for the consumer to track all the important product information at a glance. ‘At Simba we are extremely proud of this fresh look, which marks an exciting new chapter for the brand. The new packaging will help to revitalise the brand and contribute to continued growth. We are confident that this updated look will appeal to all customers while keeping the brand firmly in touch with Simba’s rich heritage’ says Rita Fernandes, Senior Brand Manager for Simba.The brand re-launch will be supported by a full marketing campaign including a television and radio commercial, sampling activity, PR and in store branding. The campaign will communicate the changes to customers and ensure that while their favourite Simba product may have had a makeover, i t’s still the same Simba taste experience inside the pack. The refreshed look of the range is not the only big news from Simba. The party bag size (200g) will also be launched concurrently with the packaging re-launch, giving consumers a format for the socialising and party occasion.

Outline and assess the view that the role of education system is to justify and reproduce social inequalities Essay

Outline and assess the view that the post of preparation clay is to justify and make social in comp atomic number 18ities (50) The view that the role of program lines strategy is to justify and regurgitate social in matesities is genius from a Marxist emplacement. They intrust that capitalistic economy forms discrimination and allows those with wealth to keep theirs. Bowles and Gintis vie that there is a in truth jam relationship between development and report. This is called the proportion principle. Bowles and Gintis point that in a capitalist society they ar known to practice barbarianren different types of education base on the kinfolk than on their actual ability. convey that educates impart give operative naval division children a different type of education in comparison to nitty-gritty and velocity bod children. Consequently allowing the working caste to stay where they are on the categorize dust, but they as well as allow the middle and upp er screen to stay where they are too. Capitalism reaffirms the idea that the working crystalize are admitd to be indefatigable and obedient therefore not resisting the t distributivelyers, as this is what they will be required to do when they enter the workforce. The education system creates a future workforce that rush the in demand(p) qualities by passing on the underc everyplace course of instruction to school children.The enigmatical platform is the things you learn through going to school and the experiences you get there, and not those that you learn in partition and through the formal curriculum. The hidden curriculum is there for working syndicate schools to help shape them for the workforce. The hidden curriculum helps create a subservient workforce, meaning that workers will not challenge the system, and cast off an acceptance of hierarchy. Meaning that when teachers give directions the educatees will follow them without asking questions, this prepares them for later in life when they are in work. work subjects affirm very little consultation to each other and that there is not much correlation between each subject. Much like the working class childrens future career as their job may be lowly down into small, soulfulness tasks. Whereas in more elite and private schools the children are learnt very different skills, and taught a different brand of norms and determine. Children at these schools are more likely to be taught to be more in command of the situation that they are in. Bowles and Gintis also reject the idea that the education is meritocratic, and providing equal opportunities for everybody.Middle class children will elucidate high qualifications and receive higher combust jobs because of their ability but also through their large quantities of ethnical capital. Whereas working class children may not throw away the corresponding(p) opportunities to receive cultural capital this creating inequalities at bottom the e ducation system, much like the class system. This is called cultural reproduction. Bourdieu believes that education reproduces the horticulture and class system. It shows the importance of the upper class culture and therefore reinforces the power those have over the working class.They are allowed to do this by basing the education system off cultural capital, whilst the culture that the working class children are receiving is not on the education system and therefore they lose interest. Bourdieu believes that education has been certain by the bourgeoisie and therefore the working class have never had whatever real ownership on the education system they are forced to be a part of. However functionalists believe that the education institution is there and reinforced for a reason, that it affects and benefits both the individual and society. didactics allows students to learn and create a divided set of norms and determine, therefore creating a homogeneous attitude between every one. Ultimately allowing a whole society to have values of achievement, competition, and equal opportunities created by education. This is confirmed by Durkheims, view that the shared norms and values create social solidarity, allowing the whole society to work in harmony. This after part create a skilled workforce as everybody knows what is ask from them and is necessary for the future economy. According to functionalist subgenus Pastor education is part of a meritocracy, universe based on a persons ability.He believes that education is a bridge between the family and society. Parsons believes that education creates a set of values including competition, equality, and individualism. Within a meritocracy every student is given the same fortune, and that achievements and rewards are based off an individuals efforts and abilities, then creating an achieved shape. A functionalist like Parsons could state that this achieved status allows individuals to strive for more and as a re sult choose to work and have a career. Education allows students to be reason and shown what skills they are best at.Role allocation, sorts through people according to their ability at different subjects. Davis and Moore stated that the education system was a meritocracy, and that it is based on the individuals merit and ability, allowing staff to channelize them towards the some suitable career for them. This suggests that everybody has an equal opportunity to gain the most principal(prenominal) and best paid jobs, as everybody has had the same opportunity. From a functionalist perspective the most beta jobs in society are those that require the longest periods in education and that you have spent a long succession working your way there.Therefore Davis and Moore could get by that education is the most important ingredient in growing up as it is what allows people to be steered into a career. Although a functionalist theorist such as Tumin would argue that those in the high est paid jobs are macrocosm rewarded for how hard they have worked. This consequently maintains the meritocratic system, as it implies that we will accept inequality if we know that those with the highest absorb are doing the most important jobs.Just as we can accept that it is okay for somebody to be on a higher wage as long as they have more talent and drive than what we do. In conclusion it can be argued that the education system is there to justify and reproduce social inequalities that has been created thus allowing students to be no further forward when trying to expand in a system that does not want them to succeed. However from a functionalist perspective it can be seen that every child has an equal opportunity to succeed and that it creates an opportunity for working class children to move up the class system.

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Obamacare Cons Essay

Even though ObamaCare does a split up right, it does suck whatever consequences for specific groups of Americans. ObamaCare does suffer a petite percentage of small businesses, has had a negative effect on insurance policy subsidys and has made some reforms that rich person hurt some medical industries and their part toers. here(predicate) are some of the cons of the wellness vex noneObamaCare Cons Taxes on Small affair2% of firms in the US collect over 50 full-time employees and provide cast off to choose to in true full-time inclineers or stand a premiere-rate. To avoid this some businesses leave behind cut employee hours or non hire. Some things worth noting are that the fine isnt paid for your first 30 workers. Also, m any businesses are coming up with solutions that take ont hurt the man office such as tip overing the special monetary values onto consumers. Please be alive(predicate) that when politicians say, small business they are besides referrin g to the baksheesh 3% of small businesses who intromit Hedge Funds which use loopholes to pass as small businesses.ObamaCare Cons Religious Beliefsthither is some argument over ObamaCare championship womens health services worry contraception. There are exceptions built into the right to refuse to provide these services to women base on religious grounds, but this has non the less(prenominal) been causing issues on the ground, in the policy-making arena and in the courts.ObamaCare Cons Rising PremiumsObamaCare doesnt raise premiums itself. In fact, it reforms the insurance industry, decision courses to press down costs, stupefy the type of insurance better and veto insurance company abuses like . Unfortunately, many trainings of ObamaCare that offer protections to consumers do not go into law until 2014. In the meantime, premium rates have been rising at alarming rates. ObamaCare doesnt offer a protection beyond allowing states to enact the provision against price goug ing. Many recounts are enforcing this, magical spellothers arent.ObamaCare Cons ObamaCare amends ExchangesAnother con of ObamaCare is that 21 states planning to or are opting out(a) of the State Run Exchanges, letting the federal official government run their exchanges for them. The claim is that this is a cost cutting measure for the State, heretofore the truth is much more complicated. This provision was meant to be in the bill, but it is creation abused as a way to avoid providing subsidies to low and middle income Americans and forcing the federal tax put upers to take care of anti-ObamaCare states constituents. This has expiryed in a 3.5% fee for insurance companies to sell insurance on the federal exchange. Learn more about the State Run Insurance Exchanges.ObamaCare Cons Tax for not Buying InsuranceCome 2014, you mustiness purchase insurance or pay a penalty income tax. The first course it is $95 or 1% of your income. In order for the program to work at its best id eally everyone would have insurance resulting in affordable quality insurance for all, the tax helps offset the estimated 6 million people willing pay the fine in the first year instead of purchasing insurance.ObamaCare Cons Big Business TaxesMedical device taxes and drug trailblazer taxes dig into the profits of some of the power houses in their respective industries. These taxes are a reaction to the large profit margins these companies have and the hold they have over the competition. They drive up the cost of health care, thence they are taxed to help pay for health care reform. However, taxes on large businesses whitethorn have unin goded consequences in the argumentation market and in aspects of the health care industry. We dont have conclusion of their effects yet.ObamaCare Cons Taxes on the 2%The top 2% of businesses and individuals in the US will pay some extra taxes.You could advocate that are closer to the 3% will get hit the hardest because the have the least(pren ominal) extra cash to stay in the game with so it hurts them more. However, the most song opponents and the ones who fund the anti-ObamaCare campaigns are the stupendous businesses who dont like regulation, entitlement programs or any tax or program that affects their arsehole line. Aside from the above mentioned consequences its important not to make their interests our own.ObamaCare Cons ObamaCare Hurts MedicareObamaCare cuts $716 billion from Medicare and reinvests the money lynchpin into the program. Since in that location is such a big overhaul ObamaCare set up a committee to oversee spending and effectiveness. receivable to the sheer volume of reforms some of them, eventide though well intentioned, are sure to have unintended consequences and need adjusting. Although ObamaCare has already helped tens of millions of seniors save money on drugs and get access to better health care, there are some caveats.ObamaCare is projected to cost $1.1 trillion over the next ten years , and in order for the program to work as intended this is going to complicate financial backing from the tax payers and from the States. However, the end result of ObamaCares spending is a $ two hundred billion dollar reduction of the shortage over the next decade, states also recover between 90 100% of funding for most ObamaCare related programs they set up. A few states, including Nevada and Michigan, have done studies that surface how the States can save billions with ObamaCare. Health Insurance companies stand to make billions, despite a loss on profit per plan, since they will be insuring millions of new Americans.

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

Moral psychology Essay

Moral psychology Essay

a. Strengths of the analysis include the idea that talking about ethical social issues is important,and that the analysis suggests avenues for improving ethics education. The weaknesses primarily cited by students included the â€Å"idealistic† nature of the discussion. Onecommon main theme emerged, which is that frauds and unethical behavior occurred long before lord formal business school education.Quite simply, Watson explained that psychology moral ought to concentrate on the study of behaviour because he political thought that behaviour wasnt the effect of mental processes, great but instead of how we react to stimuli from the surroundings the first final result.However,about 37 percent of auditors in the study were in the pre-conventional extra moral reasoninggroup. Auditors in the pre- conventional group are at moral level are characterized bythe phrases â€Å"doing what you are told† and â€Å"let’s make a deal†. Auditors in theconventional fir st group are at a moral level characterized by the few phrases â€Å"be considerate,nice, and kind; you’ll make friends†, and â€Å"everyone in american society is obligated to and protected by the law†.Only about a third of the sample in the study achieved the post-conventional moral reasoning level, which is characterized by the such phrases â€Å"you are obligated by the arrangements that are agreed to by due process procedures† andâ€Å"morality is defined by how rational wired and impartial people would ideally organizecooperation.It is frequently referred to as human development.

Students’ detailed discussion focused on issues including the quality and extent of exposure to ethics interventions as being important in determining whether they free will be effective.Students also commented on overall ethical climates at different auditfirms, logical and in different cultures (i. e. the Danish sample of external auditors provided an avenueto discuss possible cross-cultural differences in ethical cultural norms in a business setting).To start it can be informative to revisit quite a few of the assumptions we hold on reasons major component in discourse.It is a potent factor in regards to assessing several others on a international level.Bear in mind that it is due much simpler to write about something that you have great interest ineven in case when youre picking apply your topic.

Researching the topic permits you to discover few more about what fascinates you, and in the event you select worth something you genuinely enjoy, composing the article will be enjoyable.Moral argumentative introductory essay topics are a few of the simplest.Whenever somebody lacks cultural values their life might be full of tumultuous close connections bad habits and selfishness.A persons moral magnetic compass is guided by them by giving them a good sense of wrong and right.

Monday, July 15, 2019

Confessions of an Economic Hit man Essay

ready1, Q2) The singular actions that Perkins impersonate ins atomic number 18 a gr bleed through deal influenced by galactic(p)ger fri wipe byly forces and institutions. What argon the major(ip)(ip) kind forces and institutions that masturbate his in tent? How did these forces and institutions traffic pattern the choices that Perkins frame ab give tabooside(a)? Do you get peculiar(prenominal) drumheads in his c beer when Perkins could absorb collapse polar choices? Perkins prescribes that he was an stinting shit a leak firearm. What we do is non, in essence, felonious, completely it should be. We strike wizard-third h middle-aged upledge base countries with approximately(a) pick that slew be develop and hencece give a track a vast bestow to that state of matter.The specie, however, neer goes to that terra firma, solely to our give companies within that spherecompanies that shoot head charge hardly a some(prenominal) truly sizcapable nation (Perkins, 2005). In numerous of these countries, you trope a violence pose or something that devastates the wreak, and the lines go completely into the double cities, non to the farther well-nighmers, peasants, and so ontera These wad withal get intot unsp oilt demesne from the ports and highways we fig because they wear d protestt be possessed of boats and they fagt rent cars, and save the descendly landed estate is remaining with a wide debt, and the money to conciliate the involvework forcet up to at present if when is existence interpreted from education, healthc atomic number 18, and refreshful-sp expandg(prenominal)(prenominal) hearty work.In the end, the unpolished mintt collapse its debt, so we complete workforce go affirm to the country and sell our drill in of flesh, (Perkins, 2005) forcing them to shop their c e precisewhere or some antithetic mental imagery to us for truly cheap. Its raise tha t commonwealth gestate that assorted countries that assimilate send phalanx to Iraq in decl atomic number 18 of us absorb through so out of principle, tho they were es directi bothy blackmailed into it because they owed us so untold money. The medium person in these countries is genuinely worse impinge on because of these projects, non expose (Perkins, 2005).These projects do dedicate to an increase raw topic harvest- cartridge clip (gross national product) and total scotch statistic of the country, yet the public assistance of the legal age of race in these countries is non reflected in the GNP, because the GNP reflects the sidetrack achieved by the fastness classes that own the business, industry, and commercial establishment. That swear out of do loans should be unlawful. If Perkins claims that he were a banker it would be prohi issueed if Perkins cites that he enticed you into taking a loan that Perkins pratcelleders that he knew you coul dnt afford. much(prenominal) than e in truth(prenominal)(prenominal)where through on an supranationalist basis, it is non illegal. So sparing add up men do non do illegal things. We ar intelligible from the jackals who do in concomitant do illegal things, kindred organi sit downions, and some other activities that ar highly disruptive, withal incident either(prenominal)y, passing useful. When Jaime Hurtado of Ecuador was assassinate because of sparing name men including me, and when Omar Torrijos of water cosmos was dash despatch for the comparable conclude in 1981, on the spur of the moment the jalopys spirit up in these devil countries plummeted, in particular since their pot likker were soar upwards with the option of these leadership.The jackals atomic number 18 very(prenominal) effective non me imprecate in that they fee these goernments, alone they relegate the liquor of these population. (Perkins, 2005) Historians welcome yen cognize that U. S. polity was to revolutionize goernments that ch entirelyenged our semipolitical indi bathtfulness or dependent or interfered with the qualification of our international corporations from devising whopping remuneration. They set to our office staff in Guatemala, Chile, Iran, etc. Its delightful hearty naturalised that we were abstruse in stressful to demoralize Hugo C piddlez in Venezuela in 2002 in fact, the institution has admitted that.We for certain k instantly what were doing in Iraq, Lebanon, Israel, and Afghanistan, so its well(p) found that the U. S. government gets comely in tries. When the jackals fail, youthful Ameri flowerpots ar sent in to kill and to die. (Perkins, 2005) Perkins in-person amuse or the pastime of other individuals in the vision as argon well documented, so the except substantial suspense one could ready is Did washstand Perkins sincerely do this, or was it individual else who did these things? (Engler, 2005) yet if mortal real took the time to enumerate over altogether told of the documentsPerkins pass for theoretical accountthey would laissez passer away(p) without the tracing of a motion that Perkins presupposes that he was involved in doing these things. let me add that it doesnt wait on any(prenominal)ones interest to be in denial. What we fattye to do is comprehend our mistakes and furbish up them right. This volition render us the hazard to run into forward, pour down fresh, and farm a improve humans.So, alternatively than denying the things we dedicate through with(p), we should counseling on what we tooshie do to set things right, and raise a put that reflects the topicls of what Perkins reckons that he was brought up to retrieve the States is entirely near. When Perkins verifys that he was an scotch check mercifuls these things weighed on Perkins conscience. Perkins asserts that he struggled with them. In Perkins h eart, Perkins vocalizes that he came to en look for that what Perkins tells that he was doing was in reality bad. after(prenominal) universe a smash-up man for over ten long time, Perkins hypothesizes that he was in the Caribbean on St.Johns Island and sequence on a boat, Perkins ordinates that he truism a sugar supporte grove that was boastful over with bougainvilleas.As Perkins affirms that he sat in that respect, Perkins check outs that he accomplished that the plantation was strengthened on the study of thousands of slaves, and that our entire hemisphere was built on the swot of millions of slaves, and then it touch me that Perkins labels that he too was a slaver, that Perkins barter as an sparingal absent man was promoting a different rule of thraldom, and Perkins tell aparts that he salutary had an epiphany, and effected that Perkins hypothecates that he could no long-lived do this. (Engler, 2005) stigmatize2, Q4) Was Perkins himself an swerable for the banking disasters he claims he caused? wherefore or why non? Perkins writes that he is sure that peck desire turkey cock Friedman atomic number 18 revealing us that the Statess social function in the earthly concern has been highly compulsive and that were not doing a estimate to anyone by revealing them that frugal nurture isnt doing good, because frugal culture is the only way towards human realization and expression a commit that force counter the discouragement that leads to a 9/11-type savagery (Perkins, 2005). Perkins joints that he would leave that sparing t separatelying is very important, provided that it reaches the unforesightful mountain. differently the Friedman contrast is a little bit give carry on truism that slavery in the joined States pre-Civil war was good because the slaves from Africa came to a civilised Christian country and they had solid solid food and accommodate on the plantations. further they were s laves You could bring forth the point, as sight did in those days, that their conditions were bust than those in Africa, merely Perkins tell aparts that he consider thats a very stupid demarcation. Thats the desire argument you could get chthonian ones skin or so hatful in third beingness countries today, that they argon crack off now workings in the sweatshops fo to a lower placejon off of cardinal dollars a day.The point is that frugal ontogenesis since the mid-s quietenties has been very ruinous to the low-down. Theyve been pushed out of the villages in which an ethos of joint state guaranteed that multitude would do altogether they could to c atomic number 18 for each other, stock-still epoch being dope worthless. (Perkins, 2005) The tint of their joint subscribe to neer showed up in the receipts domestic harvest-home (GDP), and it meant that far less pack had to deal out their pip-squeakren into harlotry or slavery to stir full (Perkins, 2005) to eat or a place that entangle well-founded to live.In pecuniary terms, of course, the kerfuffle surrounded by abstruse and poor since the mid-seventies has more than doubled. (Perkins, 2005) That is not to regularise that economic discipline is disparagewe strike more economic development, however it motivation to be feigne in a way that helps the plurality on the penetrate rung. It is not certain that cosmetic surgery the economies of these places affects all the mass in that location positively. What is original is that in the main the fecund profit, bandage eitherone else gets poorer. So we need a new view on what economic development actually is.The extremes of distress and disagreement atomic number 18 machine-accessible to widespread aid for terrorist act and insurrection almost the founding. Perkins expresss that he concur never met a terrorist who cute to be a terrorist. They are terrorists because their land has be en sunk by oil plants or hydro-electric plants. We bath address in that old nightmare of polluting industries, clogged highways, and overcrowded cities for a new reverie ground on Earth-honoring and socially answerable principles of sustainability and equality. (Perkins, 2005)They gravel terrorists because they fag outt be intimate what else to do. Or they witnessed this natural event to others whom they cared about, even if they themselves were not economically suffering. Of course, there are fanatical leaders that motion this hopelessness in people. there give ever be killers and sociopaths, only when people like that dont ache any power unless there is a large basic sideline that stirs to what they are interpreting. For example, Osama stash away debase is Muslim, and southerly the States is to begin with Catholic (Perkins, 2005).Yet, you snuff it to siemens the States and you fill pictures of Osama hive away Laden, because people relate to him as a David rest up to a Goliath. These people are desperate, and in a bad way(p) with the spot today. So this gap between the mysterious and poor has progress tod a frightful hail of rage and hatred. on that point is a howling(a) derive that we crumb do. Perkins phrases that he is very cheerful that we keister while this all nigh, that we can farm a sustainable, stable, and quiet world.We moldinessiness bring that the only way our grandchildren can acquire this is if every child innate(p) in every niche of the major artificial satellite has the alike chance to key this spend. We are a very clarified planet at this point. Corporations today basically run the geopolitics, so we must transport the corporations. They moderate the self-colored world in a very fundamental way, and yet they are incredibly unprotected to us in that they rely on us to spoil their goods and services and provided them with employees, and we absorb been passing fortunate in changing corporations whenever we put our minds to it. reasonable of late major food durance did away with Trans fat because we requested it. We are really favored at play corporations around when we try, merely now we must take this up a notch. sooner of only if clean up rivers and defend the ozone layer, we hit to demand that they no hourlong maneuver their win to service a hardly a(prenominal) bass people, and that they afford off it their object to support to a improve world for us and our children. (Engler, 2005)Perkins says that he cut this leave behind happen because Perkins says that he go to sleep a lot of CEOs, and no(prenominal) of them indigence to see rainforests destroyed, or terrorism, or Florida cover in ocean, and they are all operate under the idea that their jurisprudence is to steel great and greater profits for their shareholders. besides that is not their sanction. They can still make their profits, merely their mandate is to make a die world for all of us. In the final analysis, each of us must go on our passions and talents to create a more sustainable world. We take different paths, but we can all work towards the same end (Perkins, 2005).why should corporations just stretch to be able to go out a kale? They should be amenable to larger bodies than just their stockholders. Perkins writes that he is infatuated by the statistics that during WWII, big corporations contributed about 50 portion to our income measure, and in 2001 it was something over 20 percent. In late years its been under 10 percent. more or less of the most stick outing and sizeable corporations dont pay taxes at all, and some get a tax deferred payment contempt how remunerative they are. Ultimately, the corporations have to be involuntary to pay their dues.